RESPIRATION

                                          RESPIRATION



Respiration is a process in which respiratory substrate or organic molecules through controlled
combustion release certain amount of energy which get stored in the form ATP.
In this process energy is released therefore termed as exothermic process while both Anabolism and
Catabolism occur therefore called Amphibolic pathway.
This process get completed within Cytoplasm and Mitochondria.
Substrate which used during this process are CARBOHYDRATE, FAT, PROTEINS (in series based on
preference).
In animals these substrates are taken through ingestion and assimilated through digestion while in
Plants these substrates( glucose a carbohydrate) are formed through Photosynthesis.
Glucose produced during photosynthesis converted into 2pyruvic-acid through a 10 step process in
cytoplasm called Glycolysis.Acetyl co-A in
Futher pyruvic acid oxidised to form 2 carbon compound
the presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide released during this process later the process of KREBSCYCLES
takes place and in product 3 NADH+H and 1 FADH2 and 1 GTP produced.
These products utilised during ETS. For transporting electron during electron transport system the
energy which generated through Redox process utilised for transporting protons into
intermembranous space later this develop proton motive force (PMF)
as a result each pair of proton
during its transmission to the matrix back through ATPase enzyme assimilate ADP and inorganic
phosphate to the ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Addition to the NADH2 produced during KREBS-CYCLE also the NADH2 produced within cytoplasm is
utilised during ETS, for the transport of extra Mitochondrial NADH2 2 ATP is utilised for its transport
into Mitochondrial Matrix( through shuttle system).

                                            Thank You.


 By Ujjwal Kumar
MSc. Student
LNMU University.


https://youtu.be/C8GuoumZ6l0

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